Quantitative and qualitative analysis of antibody response after dose sparing intradermal 2009 H1N1 vaccination

Letter to the editorpostprin

Information Disclosure and the Equivalence of Prospective Payment and Cost Reimbursement

A health care provider chooses unobservable service-quality and cost-reduction efforts. The efforts produce quality and cost efficiency. An insurer observes quality and cost, and chooses how to disclose this information to consumers. The insurer also decides how to pay the provider. In prospective payment, the insurer fully discloses quality, and sets a prospective payment price. In cost reimbursement, the insurer discloses a value index, a weighted average of quality and cost efficiency, and pays a margin above cost. The first-best quality and cost efforts can be implemented by prospective payment and by cost reimbursement. Cost reimbursement with value index eliminates dumping and cream skimming. Prospective payment with quality index eliminates cream skimming

Location Privacy in Spatial Crowdsourcing

Spatial crowdsourcing (SC) is a new platform that engages individuals in collecting and analyzing environmental, social and other spatiotemporal information. With SC, requesters outsource their spatiotemporal tasks to a set of workers, who will perform the tasks by physically traveling to the tasks' locations. This chapter identifies privacy threats toward both workers and requesters during the two main phases of spatial crowdsourcing, tasking and reporting. Tasking is the process of identifying which tasks should be assigned to which workers. This process is handled by a spatial crowdsourcing server (SC-server). The latter phase is reporting, in which workers travel to the tasks' locations, complete the tasks and upload their reports to the SC-server. The challenge is to enable effective and efficient tasking as well as reporting in SC without disclosing the actual locations of workers (at least until they agree to perform a task) and the tasks themselves (at least to workers who are not assigned to those tasks). This chapter aims to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art in protecting users' location privacy in spatial crowdsourcing. We provide a comparative study of a diverse set of solutions in terms of task publishing modes (push vs. pull), problem focuses (tasking and reporting), threats (server, requester and worker), and underlying technical approaches (from pseudonymity, cloaking, and perturbation to exchange-based and encryption-based techniques). The strengths and drawbacks of the techniques are highlighted, leading to a discussion of open problems and future work

The probability of informed trading and mergers and acquisitions

© 2019 Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand This paper investigates the role of the probability of informed trading (PIN) in mergers and acquisitions (M&A). We show that acquirers with higher PINs use more cash to finance their deals due to their higher cost of equity, and acquirers use more equity financing when acquiring targets with higher PINs to share the information risk with the target shareholders. We also find that acquirers and targets with higher PINs both experience higher announcement returns when cash financing is used, indicating that PINs are priced in the M&A market

Comparison of components and anti-liver cancer activity in vitro between Huanglian and Yunlian

Objective: Coptidis Rhizoma is a famous Chinese medicinal herb for its potential to combat cancer, inflammation, fibrosis, viral and bacterial infections, and oxidation. Coptis chinensis Franch (Huanglian in Chinese HL) and Coptis teeta Wall (Yun Huanglian or Yunlian YHL) are two species of Coptidis Rhizoma commonly used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Huanglian is produced from Sichuan Province, while Yunlian comes from the Yunnan Province. Both provinces are located in China. There are indications that both herbs possess similar characteristics and functions in clinical use. However, there are no signs of prior research to compare the effects of HL and YHL on hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, we compared the components and anti-liver cancer effects in vitro between Huanglian and Yunlian. Methods: HPLC was introduced to analyze the active components in Huanglian and Yunlian aqueous extracts. Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry and High performance liquid chromatography with UV detector were used to identify and compare the main ingredients ratio between Huanglian and Yunlian extracts. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis affected by the two extracts on MHCC97L cell line was observed by using MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The inhibition of metastasis and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line MHCC97L by Huanglian and Yunlian were compared as well. Results: Results of phytochemical analysis showed there were no significant differences between the two herbs' ingredients and ratios. Also, there were no significant differences between Huanglian and Yunlian on cytotoxicity, apoptosis and metastasis in MHCC97L. Conclusion: Yunlian and Huanglian share great similarities in both chemical compostion and bioactivity in vitro. © 2012 To C, et al.published_or_final_versio

Surgical management of a drooling child

Drooling is a physiological process in infants. When it persists beyond the age of 4 years, it becomes a clinical symptom. Drooling is a common problem among children of all ages with a neurological deficit. It causes significant decrease in the quality of life of the children and their families. Parents often accept the disability because they are not aware that treatment is available. Doctors should recognise the problem during a consultation and discuss the available management options. Patients should be reffered to a drooling clinic that adopts a multi-disciplinary approach. Management of drooling has been evolving over the last thirty years. Surgery has become a safe and effective management option.published_or_final_versio

Sifat Mekanik pada Sambungan Kayu Nyatoh (Palaquium Xanthochymum Pierre) Berdasarkan Bentuk Sambungan dan Macam Alat Sambung

The wood with a long stretch increasingly scarce, so their use limited variety. Therefore it is necessary for splicing. Jointed wood has lower strength than wood intact, because of shift caused among other selection shape and the lack of proper connecting equipment in a construction. Two factors of treatment in this research are shape the connection (connection angled lip hooked and lip straight connection) and type of connecting tools (pegs, nails and bolts) with three replications. Measured parameters in this study are the mechanical properties of wood connections on the static bending persistence and determination of bending fracture. The sample size is (W) 5 cm x (H) 5 cm x (L) 76 cm. Then testing the Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) and the Modulus of Rupture (MOR). The results showed that the value of the MOE decreased 81.31% - 90.45% and MOR 81.71%- 91.55% value also decreased when compared with the control and the value entered in the category of strong wood class V. The low value of the MOE and MOR is found in the connecting tool like pegs and bolts. Thus resulting in the dissolution of the wood fibers and consequently the strength of the connections is low. Then the tool also decreases the strength of nails connecting wood used due to the small diameter of nail (2.8 mm) and use only two sticks nails in one connection. Results of this research on the wood connection with the treatment Nyatoh wood (Palaquium xanthochymum Pierre) used for construction purposes only under the roof only, for example gording, murplat, and plafond which is supported by the use of pillar. Keyword: Mechanical properties, connection, connection forms, kinds of tools connectin